Basic principles in using a drawing and meter in troubleshooting circuits
To identify a faulty section, follow the guidelines given below, along with a drawing and a meter:
• Check the incoming supply voltages first
• Check for voltages at the specific test points in circuit (as per manufacturers test point data sheet)
• Do dead test of circuit for integrity of protection devices and others
• In dead test, check for continuity of circuits, as intended, and check for insulation resistance
• If it’s not possible to perform a dead test, connect the supply to the circuit and do a live test of circuit.
Generally, any electrical circuit can be differentiated in two sections:
• Power circuit
• Control circuit.
It is always advisable to first check the power circuit. So, if the power circuit works, as it should, then troubleshoot the control circuit.
Power circuit check list:
0 Incoming power to circuit and its integrity
0 Check for correct functioning of protection devices
0 Check visual cable continuity
0 Check for any signs of flash or burning smell of devices.
Control circuit check list:
0 Control circuit power first
0 Check for proper functioning of relays, timers, and switches
0 Check visual cable continuity
0 Check for wire interconnections and terminal connections of circuit
0 Check logical operational sequence of contactor switching
0 Check for timer duration settings.
If the above criteria are checked and still the motor (final device) is not working, then test the motor (final device).
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