Questions Find the following using the information provided in Chapter 2. 1. Size of the internal RAM. 2. Internal ROM size in the 8031. 3. Execution time of a single byte instruction for a 6 megahertz crystal. 4. The 16-bit data addressing registers and their functions. 5. Registers that can do division. 6. The flags […]
Continue reading…
8051 architecture
Summary of The internal hardware configuration of the 8051
Summary The internal hardware configuration of the 8051 registers and control circuits have been examined at the functional block diagram level. The 8051 may be considered to be a colÂlection of RAM, ROM, and addressable registers that have some unique functions. SPECIAL-FUNCTION REGISTERS Register Bit Primary Function Bit Addressable A 8 Math, data manipulation Y […]
Continue reading…
Interrupts
Interrupts A computer program has only two ways to determine the conditions that exist in internal and external circuits. One method uses software instructions that jump on the states of flags and port pins. The second responds to hardware signals. called interrupts. that force the program to call a sub-routine. Software techniques use up processor […]
Continue reading…
Serial Data Input/Output
Serial Data Input/Output Computers must be able to communicate with other computers in modern multiprocessor distributed systems. One cost-effective way to communicate is to send and receive data bits serially. The 8051 has a serial data communication circuit that uses register SBUF to hold data. Register SCON controls data communication, register PCON controls data rates, […]
Continue reading…
Counters and Timers
Counters and Timers Many microcontroller applications require the counting of external events, such as the frequency of a pulse train, or the generation of precise internal time delays between comÂputer actions. Both of these tasks can be accomplished using software techniques, but software loops for counting or timing keep the processor occupied so that other, […]
Continue reading…
External Memory
External Memory The system designer is not limited by the amount of internal RAM and ROM available on chip. Two separate external memory spaces are made available by the 16-bit PC and DPTR and by different control pins for enabling external ROM and RAM chips. Internal control circuitry accesses the correct physical memory, depending upon […]
Continue reading…
Input/Output Pins, Ports, and Circuits
Input/Output Pins, Ports, and Circuits One major feature of a microcontroller is the versatility built into the input/output (110) circuits that connect the 8051 to the outside world. As noted in Chapter I, microprocessor designs must add additional chips to interface with external circuitry; this ability is built into the microcontroller. To be commercially viable, […]
Continue reading…
8051 Microcontroller Hardware
Introduction The first task faced when learning to use a new computer is to become familiar with the capability of the machine. The features of the computer are best learned by studying the internal hardware design, also called the architecture of the device, to determine the type, number, and size of the registers and other […]
Continue reading…