summary of Transformers

summary

A transformer consists of two coils: a primary winding and a secondary winding.

● An AC voltage is put across the primary winding, inducing a voltage in the secondary winding.

● Transformers allow an AC signal to be transferred from one circuit to another.

● Transformers allow stepping up, stepping down, or passing the signal unchanged.

● Transformers are designed to operate at certain frequencies.

● The turns ratio determines whether a transformer is used to step up, step down, or pass voltage unchanged.

● The ratio of secondary to primary voltage is equal

to the ratio of secondary to primary turns.

● A transformer that produces a secondary voltage greater than its primary voltage is called a step-up transformer.

● The turns ratio of a step-up transformer is always greater than 1.

● A transformer that produces a secondary voltage less than its primary voltage is called a step-down transformer.

● The turns ratio of a step-down transformer is always less than 1.

● The amount the voltage is stepped up or down is determined by the turns ratio.

● Transformer applications include impedance matching, phase shifting, isolation, blocking DC while passing AC, and producing several signals at different voltage levels.

● An isolation transformer passes the signal unchanged.

● An isolation transformer is used to prevent electric shocks.

● An autotransformer is used to step up or step down voltage.

● An autotransformer is a special transformer that does not provide isolation.

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