14–6 MAINTENANCE-FREE BATTERIES The previous discussions, “Battery Testing” and “Battery Care,” become irrelevant when dealing with maintenance-free batteries, which have become popular in recent years. This kind of battery, although based on the same chemical process as the lead-acid cell, offers distinct ad- vantages over the traditional lead-acid battery. The sealed design prevents leakage of […]
Continue reading…
Direct current fundamentals
Batteries : maintenance-free batteries, miscellaneous aspects of batteries and summary of batteries
14–6 MAINTENANCE-FREE BATTERIES The previous discussions, “Battery Testing” and “Battery Care,” become irrelevant when dealing with maintenance-free batteries, which have become popular in recent years. This kind of battery, although based on the same chemical process as the lead-acid cell, offers distinct ad- vantages over the traditional lead-acid battery. The sealed design prevents leakage of […]
Continue reading…
Batteries : secondary cells .
14–5 SECONDARY CELLS In one family of cells, the electrochemical action is reversible; that is, if the discharged cell is connected to another electron source so that electrons can be put back into the negative terminal of the cell, the cell is recharged to its original emf value. Cells of this type are called storage […]
Continue reading…
Batteries : secondary cells .
14–5 SECONDARY CELLS In one family of cells, the electrochemical action is reversible; that is, if the discharged cell is connected to another electron source so that electrons can be put back into the negative terminal of the cell, the cell is recharged to its original emf value. Cells of this type are called storage […]
Continue reading…
Batteries : chemical energy, a source of emf , anodes and cathodes , primary cells and fuel cells
Batteries 14–1 CHEMICAL ENERGY: A SOURCE OF EMF In the preceding chapter we learned about the ionization and conductivity of salt or acid solutions called electrolytes. If two electrodes of different metals are immersed into such electrolyte, a chemical reaction between these parts will produce a small emf. Such an arrangement of parts is known […]
Continue reading…
Batteries : chemical energy, a source of emf , anodes and cathodes , primary cells and fuel cells
Batteries 14–1 CHEMICAL ENERGY: A SOURCE OF EMF In the preceding chapter we learned about the ionization and conductivity of salt or acid solutions called electrolytes. If two electrodes of different metals are immersed into such electrolyte, a chemical reaction between these parts will produce a small emf. Such an arrangement of parts is known […]
Continue reading…
Conduction in liquids and gases : gases as insulators, gaseous conduction by ionization, conduction and ions in nature, conduction in a vacuum and summary of conduction in liquids and gases
13–4 GASES AS INSULATORS At atmospheric pressure, air and other gases are very close to being ideal insulators. When a gas is used as an insulator between two charged plates, as illustrated in Figure 13–7, the current shown by the ammeter is practically zero as long as a moderate voltage is applied. At a sufficiently […]
Continue reading…
Conduction in liquids and gases : gases as insulators, gaseous conduction by ionization, conduction and ions in nature, conduction in a vacuum and summary of conduction in liquids and gases
13–4 GASES AS INSULATORS At atmospheric pressure, air and other gases are very close to being ideal insulators. When a gas is used as an insulator between two charged plates, as illustrated in Figure 13–7, the current shown by the ammeter is practically zero as long as a moderate voltage is applied. At a sufficiently […]
Continue reading…
Conduction in liquids and gases: the ionization process, useful chemical compounds and electroplating and electrolysis
Conduction in Liquids and Gases 13–1 THE IONIZATION PROCESS In solid conductors, the transfer of electrical charges is made by the movement of electrons. In liquids and gases, the transfer of electrical charges depends on particles called ions. Ions were defined in Chapter 1 as atoms that have become electrically unbalanced by virtue of having […]
Continue reading…
Conduction in liquids and gases: the ionization process, useful chemical compounds and electroplating and electrolysis
Conduction in Liquids and Gases 13–1 THE IONIZATION PROCESS In solid conductors, the transfer of electrical charges is made by the movement of electrons. In liquids and gases, the transfer of electrical charges depends on particles called ions. Ions were defined in Chapter 1 as atoms that have become electrically unbalanced by virtue of having […]
Continue reading…