{"id":424,"date":"2015-08-06T14:28:00","date_gmt":"2015-08-06T14:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/video-equipment\/uncategorized\/image-display-and-capture-devicesalternative-display-systems\/"},"modified":"2015-08-06T14:28:00","modified_gmt":"2015-08-06T14:28:00","slug":"image-display-and-capture-devicesalternative-display-systems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/video-equipment\/image-display-and-capture-devicesalternative-display-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"IMAGE DISPLAY AND CAPTURE DEVICES:ALTERNATIVE DISPLAY SYSTEMS."},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"zxgaq6a0dbadf88f5f\" ><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\tatOptions = {\n\t\t'key' : '61e5902552e2353963d8d2f1bd1f4a8f',\n\t\t'format' : 'iframe',\n\t\t'height' : 250,\n\t\t'width' : 300,\n\t\t'params' : {}\n\t};\n<\/script>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/www.highperformanceformat.com\/61e5902552e2353963d8d2f1bd1f4a8f\/invoke.js\"><\/script><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 1201px) {\r\n.zxgaq6a0dbadf88f5f {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 993px) and (max-width: 1200px) {\r\n.zxgaq6a0dbadf88f5f {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 992px) {\r\n.zxgaq6a0dbadf88f5f {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 768px) {\r\n.zxgaq6a0dbadf88f5f {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n.zxgaq6a0dbadf88f5f {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<h4 align=\"justify\">ALTERNATIVE DISPLAY SYSTEMS<\/h4>\n<p align=\"justify\">The picture-tubes considered so far combine a beam-scanning process with light generation and repetitive spot-intensity modulation which is \ufb01ne for home viewing and desktop computer VDUs \u2013 at least it is a very good compromise between size, cost, complexity and power consumption. In other applications tubes are disadvantaged by their weight, power consumption, shape, limited operation life, light output limitations or such practical factors as the difficulty of making tiny high-de\ufb01nition colour types. These drawbacks come to the fore in the realms of camera and camcorder view\ufb01nders; pocket- portable TVs; laptop computer monitors; stable and bright projection systems; TV and monitor screens in aircraft for leisure and operational roles; and so on. For these applications other display devices have been developed and have undergone intensive development. The most common of them is the LCD array. <\/p>\n<h5 align=\"justify\">LCD panel<\/h5>\n<p align=\"justify\">An LCD (Liquid-Crystal Display) display panel consists of tens of thousands (for good, big displays, <i>hund<\/i><i>reds <\/i>of thousands) of individual cells in a matrix on a \ufb02at transparent plate. The light coming from behind passes \ufb01rst through a polarising plate so that all the light entering each cell is (e.g.) vertically polarised. If it is allowed to travel thus through to the exit plate it is blocked by the <i>horizontal<\/i><i> <\/i>polarising action of the latter: the cell passes no light. If, however, the light orientation is twisted through 90\u00b0 in its passage it can get through the exit plate to make a white dot for that cell, see Fig. 5.10. Each cell is \ufb01lled with liquid crystal, which has the property of twisting its molecular structure in proportion to applied voltage, and a light beam passing through it has its polarisation twisted likewise. Thus the transparency of each cell depends on applied voltage, and if many thousands of such cells are assembled into a matrix of lines and columns \u2013 and individually controlled \u2013 a picture can be produced from light passing through the plate, with each cell form- ing one picture element (pixel). Each cell is governed by its own thick- \ufb01lm driver transistor (TFT) formed on the surface of the panel, and addressed individually by the on-board drive circuit, a complex IC array. Fig. 5.11 gives an outline of the system in a 575 \u00d7 720 array containing 414 000 individual cells \u2013 and 414 000 separate TFTs. For colour displays it is necessary to put coloured \ufb01lters over individual liquid crystal cells (Fig. 5.12) and route R, G and B signals to the corresponding TFTs; for the same picture de\ufb01nition there needs to be three times as many cells\/pixels in acolour display as in a black- and-white one. Direct-view TV and monitor LCD panels have a back- light, generally made from one or more \ufb02uorescent tubes with a re\ufb02ector and diffuser. <\/p>\n<h5 align=\"justify\">LCD projector<\/h5>\n<p align=\"justify\">Liquid-crystal display panels provide an attractive alternative to electron tubes as a building block in a projection TV set. They do not wear out, are stable in operation and can be made to provide bright pictures with easy adjustment of image size on a screen which does not have to be \u2018special\u2019 in any way \u2013 any \ufb02at white surface is suitable. Fig. 5.13 illustrates the principle on which they work. A powerful metal-halide lamp with even spectral emission forms the backlight. The heat is taken out of the beam, then it is split into its R, G and B primary colours by a series of mirrors and dichroic (colour-discriminating) lenses. Thus each of the three LCD panels sees only one primary colour passing through it, and is fed with the corresponding primary-colour video signal from the colour decoder. The three separate R, G, B beams are recombined in a projector lens for transmission to the screen, which in \u2018domestic\u2019 models can be from (e.g.) 1.2 m to 5 m diagonal. Image size is adjusted by a simple optical \u2018zoom\u2019 lens: there is a trade-off between picture size and brightness, as with any projection system. In a typical home-cinema projector there are three 7.5 cm LCD panels each containing about <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-AF4CeyVhYHM\/VcNu78DuBVI\/AAAAAAAB0T8\/GSwH79KagXo\/s1600-h\/IMAGE%252520DISPLAY%252520AND%252520CAPTURE%252520DEVICES-0078%25255B2%25255D.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"IMAGE DISPLAY AND CAPTURE DEVICES-0078\" border=\"0\" alt=\"IMAGE DISPLAY AND CAPTURE DEVICES-0078\" src=\"http:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-an7F42YcF2I\/VcNu9lrDVlI\/AAAAAAAB0UE\/4f4Wqm7ycEs\/IMAGE%252520DISPLAY%252520AND%252520CAPTURE%252520DEVICES-0078_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800\" width=\"244\" height=\"189\" \/><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-F3iX4KfmmrA\/VcNu_H-wS7I\/AAAAAAAB0UM\/9Y5tLpc9T9w\/s1600-h\/IMAGE%252520DISPLAY%252520AND%252520CAPTURE%252520DEVICES-0079%25255B2%25255D.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"IMAGE DISPLAY AND CAPTURE DEVICES-0079\" border=\"0\" alt=\"IMAGE DISPLAY AND CAPTURE DEVICES-0079\" src=\"http:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-H1M1xRY1Hyg\/VcNvBf65AlI\/AAAAAAAB0UU\/fkceVlZNsKs\/IMAGE%252520DISPLAY%252520AND%252520CAPTURE%252520DEVICES-0079_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800\" width=\"244\" height=\"201\" \/><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-rPTe6cJEpfM\/VcNvDdhX-4I\/AAAAAAAB0Uc\/v5JdbHEPIhI\/s1600-h\/IMAGE%252520DISPLAY%252520AND%252520CAPTURE%252520DEVICES-0080%25255B2%25255D.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"IMAGE DISPLAY AND CAPTURE DEVICES-0080\" border=\"0\" alt=\"IMAGE DISPLAY AND CAPTURE DEVICES-0080\" src=\"http:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-tKNdjReZTMA\/VcNvEtu2d2I\/AAAAAAAB0Uk\/5JjqFrCMP28\/IMAGE%252520DISPLAY%252520AND%252520CAPTURE%252520DEVICES-0080_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800\" width=\"244\" height=\"88\" \/><\/a> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">300 000 pixels illuminated by a 250 W metal halide lamp. The panels are force-cooled by a fan to keep them at 50\u00b0C or less, monitored by a sensor which cuts off the light at excessive temperatures. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">The lamp is the most vulnerable component reliability-wise, though a life of several thousand hours may be expected. The bulb is initially \ufb01red by a 12 kV arc to vaporise a mercury blob and establish a conductive path between its two electrodes. Thereafter an a.c. cur- rent of about 2.5 A at 100 V is passed through the lamp, externally regulated for constant energy level and monitored by the system- control section. <\/p><div class=\"wljgx6a0dbadf89179\" ><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0778475562755157\"\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\n<!-- 300x600 television-and-video -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:inline-block;width:300px;height:600px\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0778475562755157\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"6549443290\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 1201px) {\r\n.wljgx6a0dbadf89179 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 993px) and (max-width: 1200px) {\r\n.wljgx6a0dbadf89179 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 992px) {\r\n.wljgx6a0dbadf89179 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 768px) {\r\n.wljgx6a0dbadf89179 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n.wljgx6a0dbadf89179 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<div class=\"vgrzq6a0dbadf89062\" ><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\tatOptions = {\n\t\t'key' : '0c1eb4c533eaedb7b996f49a5a4983a9',\n\t\t'format' : 'iframe',\n\t\t'height' : 300,\n\t\t'width' : 160,\n\t\t'params' : {}\n\t};\n<\/script>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/www.highperformanceformat.com\/0c1eb4c533eaedb7b996f49a5a4983a9\/invoke.js\"><\/script><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 1201px) {\r\n.vgrzq6a0dbadf89062 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 993px) and (max-width: 1200px) {\r\n.vgrzq6a0dbadf89062 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 992px) {\r\n.vgrzq6a0dbadf89062 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 768px) {\r\n.vgrzq6a0dbadf89062 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n.vgrzq6a0dbadf89062 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\n<p align=\"justify\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-K-rN-jq2TnE\/VcNvHZkkt7I\/AAAAAAAB0Us\/Gc4Ox1s1noI\/s1600-h\/IMAGE%252520DISPLAY%252520AND%252520CAPTURE%252520DEVICES-0081%25255B2%25255D.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"IMAGE DISPLAY AND CAPTURE DEVICES-0081\" border=\"0\" alt=\"IMAGE DISPLAY AND CAPTURE DEVICES-0081\" src=\"http:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-Swspr8kXzQw\/VcNvJP2KmwI\/AAAAAAAB0U0\/IkGRb7lbMjA\/IMAGE%252520DISPLAY%252520AND%252520CAPTURE%252520DEVICES-0081_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800\" width=\"244\" height=\"111\" \/><\/a> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><b><\/b> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>Plasma display<\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">A relatively recent development in \ufb02at-screen technology is the gas- plasma display system, in which a gas-\ufb01lled (low pressure) cell forms each pixel. A discharge takes place when a potential of about 300 V is applied to the anode, and the resulting glow provides a point-light source. In the Sony <i>Plasmat<\/i><i>r<\/i><i>o<\/i><i>n <\/i>this technology is combined with that of an LCD display: the plasma discharge acts as a switch to couple the signal data to the LCD cells in complete lines in sequence. This is called PALC, Phase-addressed Liquid-Crystal display. A typical panel of this type offers 256 000 colour variants and 770 \u00d7 450 pix- els in a 16:9 aspect-ratio con\ufb01guration on a 63 cm diagonal screen which is less than 4 mm thick. <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ALTERNATIVE DISPLAY SYSTEMS The picture-tubes considered so far combine a beam-scanning process with light generation and repetitive spot-intensity modulation which is \ufb01ne for home viewing and desktop computer VDUs \u2013 at least it is a very good compromise between size, cost, complexity and power consumption. In other applications tubes are disadvantaged by their weight, power [&hellip;]<br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/video-equipment\/image-display-and-capture-devicesalternative-display-systems\/\" class=\"more-link\" >Continue reading&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"views":664,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/video-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/424"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/video-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/video-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/video-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/video-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=424"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/video-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/424\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/video-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=424"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/video-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=424"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/video-equipment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=424"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}