{"id":2586,"date":"2016-03-15T10:04:52","date_gmt":"2016-03-15T10:04:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/?p=2586"},"modified":"2016-03-15T10:04:52","modified_gmt":"2016-03-15T10:04:52","slug":"properties-of-gas-mixtures-ideal-and-real-gases","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/properties-of-gas-mixtures-ideal-and-real-gases\/","title":{"rendered":"PROPERTIES OF GAS MIXTURES: IDEAL AND REAL GASES"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"occfh6a0dbf1c2ade3\" ><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\tatOptions = {\n\t\t'key' : '61e5902552e2353963d8d2f1bd1f4a8f',\n\t\t'format' : 'iframe',\n\t\t'height' : 250,\n\t\t'width' : 300,\n\t\t'params' : {}\n\t};\n<\/script>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/www.highperformanceformat.com\/61e5902552e2353963d8d2f1bd1f4a8f\/invoke.js\"><\/script><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 1201px) {\r\n.occfh6a0dbf1c2ade3 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 993px) and (max-width: 1200px) {\r\n.occfh6a0dbf1c2ade3 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 992px) {\r\n.occfh6a0dbf1c2ade3 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 768px) {\r\n.occfh6a0dbf1c2ade3 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n.occfh6a0dbf1c2ade3 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\">\u25a0 <b>PROPERTIE<\/b><b>S OF GAS MIXTURES:<\/b><b> <\/b><b>IDEA<\/b><b>L AND REAL GASES<\/b><\/font> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\"><\/font> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\">Consider a gas mixture that consists of 2 kg of N2 and 3 kg of CO2. The total mass (an <i>extensive property<\/i>) of this mixture is 5 kg. How did we do it? Well, we simply added the mass of each component. This example suggests a simple way of evaluating the <b>extensive properties <\/b>of a nonreacting ideal- or real- gas mixture: <i>Just add the contributions of each component of the mixture <\/i>(Fig. 9\u20139). Then the total internal energy, enthalpy, and entropy of a gas mixture can be expressed, respectively, as<\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/GAS-MIXTURES-AND-PSYCHROMETRICS-0016.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"GAS MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRICS-0016\" border=\"0\" alt=\"GAS MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRICS-0016\" src=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/GAS-MIXTURES-AND-PSYCHROMETRICS-0016_thumb.jpg\" width=\"412\" height=\"261\"><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/GAS-MIXTURES-AND-PSYCHROMETRICS-0017.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"GAS MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRICS-0017\" border=\"0\" alt=\"GAS MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRICS-0017\" src=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/GAS-MIXTURES-AND-PSYCHROMETRICS-0017_thumb.jpg\" width=\"200\" height=\"176\"><\/a><\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\">Now reconsider the same mixture, and assume that both N2 and CO2 are at 25\u02daC. The temperature (an <i>intensiv<\/i><i>e <\/i>property) of the mixture is, as you would expect, also 25\u02daC. Notice that we did not add the component temperatures to <\/font><font size=\"5\">determine the mixture temperature. Instead, we used some kind of averaging scheme, a characteristic approach for determining the <b>intensiv<\/b><b>e properties <\/b>of a gas mixture. The internal energy, enthalpy, and entropy of a gas mixture <i>per <\/i><i>unit mass <\/i>or <i>per unit mole <\/i>of the mixture can be determined by dividing the equations above by the mass or the mole number of the mixture (<i>m<\/i><i>m <\/i>or <i>N<\/i><i>m<\/i>). We obtain (Fig. 9\u201310)<\/font><\/p><div class=\"nbdoa6a0dbf1c2afd7\" ><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\tatOptions = {\n\t\t'key' : '0c1eb4c533eaedb7b996f49a5a4983a9',\n\t\t'format' : 'iframe',\n\t\t'height' : 300,\n\t\t'width' : 160,\n\t\t'params' : {}\n\t};\n<\/script>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/www.highperformanceformat.com\/0c1eb4c533eaedb7b996f49a5a4983a9\/invoke.js\"><\/script><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 1201px) {\r\n.nbdoa6a0dbf1c2afd7 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 993px) and (max-width: 1200px) {\r\n.nbdoa6a0dbf1c2afd7 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 992px) {\r\n.nbdoa6a0dbf1c2afd7 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 768px) {\r\n.nbdoa6a0dbf1c2afd7 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n.nbdoa6a0dbf1c2afd7 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<div class=\"oxypg6a0dbf1c2aed5\" ><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0778475562755157\"\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\n<!-- 300x600 hydraulics-and-pneumatics -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:inline-block;width:300px;height:600px\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0778475562755157\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"3735577695\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 1201px) {\r\n.oxypg6a0dbf1c2aed5 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 993px) and (max-width: 1200px) {\r\n.oxypg6a0dbf1c2aed5 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 992px) {\r\n.oxypg6a0dbf1c2aed5 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 768px) {\r\n.oxypg6a0dbf1c2aed5 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n.oxypg6a0dbf1c2aed5 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/GAS-MIXTURES-AND-PSYCHROMETRICS-0018.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"GAS MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRICS-0018\" border=\"0\" alt=\"GAS MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRICS-0018\" src=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/GAS-MIXTURES-AND-PSYCHROMETRICS-0018_thumb.jpg\" width=\"412\" height=\"210\"><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/GAS-MIXTURES-AND-PSYCHROMETRICS-0019.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"GAS MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRICS-0019\" border=\"0\" alt=\"GAS MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRICS-0019\" src=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/GAS-MIXTURES-AND-PSYCHROMETRICS-0019_thumb.jpg\" width=\"150\" height=\"484\"><\/a><\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\">Notice that <i>properties per unit mass involve mass fractions <\/i>(mf<i>i<\/i>) <i>and proper- ties per unit mole involve mole fractions <\/i>(<i>y<\/i><i>i<\/i>).<\/font><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\">The relations just given are exact for ideal-gas mixtures, and approximate for real-gas mixtures. (In fact, they are also applicable to nonreacting liquid and solid solutions especially when they form an \u201cideal solution.\u201d) The only major difficulty associated with these relations is the determination of properties for each individual gas in the mixture. The analysis can be simplified greatly, how- ever, by treating the individual gases as an ideal gas, if doing so does not intro- duce a significant error.<\/font> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/GAS-MIXTURES-AND-PSYCHROMETRICS-0020.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"GAS MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRICS-0020\" border=\"0\" alt=\"GAS MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRICS-0020\" src=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/GAS-MIXTURES-AND-PSYCHROMETRICS-0020_thumb.jpg\" width=\"403\" height=\"279\"><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/GAS-MIXTURES-AND-PSYCHROMETRICS-0021.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"GAS MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRICS-0021\" border=\"0\" alt=\"GAS MIXTURES AND PSYCHROMETRICS-0021\" src=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/GAS-MIXTURES-AND-PSYCHROMETRICS-0021_thumb.jpg\" width=\"366\" height=\"484\"><\/a><\/font> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\">\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\"><\/font><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u25a0 PROPERTIES OF GAS MIXTURES: IDEAL AND REAL GASES Consider a gas mixture that consists of 2 kg of N2 and 3 kg of CO2. The total mass (an extensive property) of this mixture is 5 kg. How did we do it? Well, we simply added the mass of each component. This example suggests a [&hellip;]<br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/properties-of-gas-mixtures-ideal-and-real-gases\/\" class=\"more-link\" >Continue reading&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2586"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2586"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2586\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2587,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2586\/revisions\/2587"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2586"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2586"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}