{"id":2161,"date":"2016-03-13T12:02:09","date_gmt":"2016-03-13T12:02:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/?p=2161"},"modified":"2016-03-13T12:02:09","modified_gmt":"2016-03-13T12:02:09","slug":"entropyentropy-change-of-liquids-and-solids","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/entropyentropy-change-of-liquids-and-solids\/","title":{"rendered":"ENTROPY:ENTROPY CHANGE OF LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"xshty6a0dbe7128549\" ><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\tatOptions = {\n\t\t'key' : '61e5902552e2353963d8d2f1bd1f4a8f',\n\t\t'format' : 'iframe',\n\t\t'height' : 250,\n\t\t'width' : 300,\n\t\t'params' : {}\n\t};\n<\/script>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/www.highperformanceformat.com\/61e5902552e2353963d8d2f1bd1f4a8f\/invoke.js\"><\/script><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 1201px) {\r\n.xshty6a0dbe7128549 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 993px) and (max-width: 1200px) {\r\n.xshty6a0dbe7128549 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 992px) {\r\n.xshty6a0dbe7128549 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 768px) {\r\n.xshty6a0dbe7128549 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n.xshty6a0dbe7128549 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\"><strong>ENTROPY CHANGE OF LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS<\/strong><\/font> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\">Recall that liquids and solids can be approximated as <i>incompressible sub- stances <\/i>since their specific volumes remain nearly constant during a process. Thus, <i>d<\/i>u \ufffd 0 for liquids and solids, and Eq. 7\u201325 for this case reduces to<\/font> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/ENTROPY-0196.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"ENTROPY-0196\" border=\"0\" alt=\"ENTROPY-0196\" src=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/ENTROPY-0196_thumb.jpg\" width=\"349\" height=\"106\"><\/a><\/font> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\">where <i>C<\/i>av is the <i>averag<\/i><i>e <\/i>specific heat of the substance over the given temperature interval. Note that the entropy change of a truly incompressible sub- stance depends on temperature only and is independent of pressure.<\/font> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\">Equation 7\u201328 can be used to determine the entropy changes of solids and liquids with reasonable accuracy. However, for liquids that expand consider- ably with temperature, it may be necessary to consider the effects of volume change in calculations. This is especially the case when the temperature change is large.<\/font> <\/p><div class=\"zpuwe6a0dbe712b6f2\" ><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\tatOptions = {\n\t\t'key' : '0c1eb4c533eaedb7b996f49a5a4983a9',\n\t\t'format' : 'iframe',\n\t\t'height' : 300,\n\t\t'width' : 160,\n\t\t'params' : {}\n\t};\n<\/script>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/www.highperformanceformat.com\/0c1eb4c533eaedb7b996f49a5a4983a9\/invoke.js\"><\/script><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 1201px) {\r\n.zpuwe6a0dbe712b6f2 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 993px) and (max-width: 1200px) {\r\n.zpuwe6a0dbe712b6f2 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 992px) {\r\n.zpuwe6a0dbe712b6f2 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 768px) {\r\n.zpuwe6a0dbe712b6f2 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n.zpuwe6a0dbe712b6f2 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<div class=\"ofqio6a0dbe712b5d4\" ><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-0778475562755157\"\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\n<!-- 300x600 hydraulics-and-pneumatics -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:inline-block;width:300px;height:600px\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-0778475562755157\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"3735577695\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 1201px) {\r\n.ofqio6a0dbe712b5d4 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 993px) and (max-width: 1200px) {\r\n.ofqio6a0dbe712b5d4 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 992px) {\r\n.ofqio6a0dbe712b5d4 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 768px) {\r\n.ofqio6a0dbe712b5d4 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n.ofqio6a0dbe712b5d4 {\r\ndisplay: block;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\">A relation for isentropic processes of liquids and solids is obtained by set- ting the entropy change relation above equal to zero. It gives<\/font> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/ENTROPY-0197.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"ENTROPY-0197\" border=\"0\" alt=\"ENTROPY-0197\" src=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/ENTROPY-0197_thumb.jpg\" width=\"361\" height=\"36\"><\/a><\/font> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\">That is, the temperature of a truly incompressible substance remains constant during an isentropic process. Therefore, the isentropic process of an incompressible substance is also isothermal. This behavior is closely approximated by liquids and solids.<\/font> <\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><font size=\"5\"><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/ENTROPY-0198.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"ENTROPY-0198\" border=\"0\" alt=\"ENTROPY-0198\" src=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/ENTROPY-0198_thumb.jpg\" width=\"404\" height=\"484\"><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/ENTROPY-0199.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"ENTROPY-0199\" border=\"0\" alt=\"ENTROPY-0199\" src=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/ENTROPY-0199_thumb.jpg\" width=\"418\" height=\"484\"><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/ENTROPY-0200.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; margin: 0px auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px\" title=\"ENTROPY-0200\" border=\"0\" alt=\"ENTROPY-0200\" src=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/ENTROPY-0200_thumb.jpg\" width=\"366\" height=\"455\"><\/a><\/font><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ENTROPY CHANGE OF LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS Recall that liquids and solids can be approximated as incompressible sub- stances since their specific volumes remain nearly constant during a process. Thus, du \ufffd 0 for liquids and solids, and Eq. 7\u201325 for this case reduces to where Cav is the average specific heat of the substance over [&hellip;]<br \/><a href=\"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/entropyentropy-change-of-liquids-and-solids\/\" class=\"more-link\" >Continue reading&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2161"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2161"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2161\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2162,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2161\/revisions\/2162"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2161"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2161"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/machineryequipmentonline.com\/hydraulics-and-pneumatics\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2161"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}